Backaches

2008-10-31T09:21:00.005+08:00

Backache is one of the most common ailments among people. On average, about 80 per cent of people will experience back pain at some point in their lives but slightly more men suffer from it than women. Backache also occurs among young people aged between 16 and 24 although it is most common among people in their middle age.

Signs & Symptoms:

Persistent aching, pain or stiffness that occurs anywhere along your spine, from the base of the neck to the hips.
Sharp, localised pain in the neck, upper back, or lower back, especially after lifting heavy objects or other strenuous activity.
Chronic ache in the middle or lower back, especially after sitting or standing for extended period of time.
Occasional visible curvature of the spine, but usually there are no apparent external symptoms.

Causes of Backache:

Acute Backache
Acute backache may occur due to back strain from the lifting of a heavy object, from a fall, or from a violent jerk as a car suddenly stops. Acute backache can also be caused by a fracture of the spine or the dislocation of a vertebral disc
Chronic Backache
Chronic backache may be caused by spondylosis (degeneration of the spinal column when one vertebra slips forward on the one immediately below it, usually just above the hipbone) or a slipped disc. The discs act as cushions between two vertebral bones but due to degeneration in old age, or in cases when the spine has been injured before, a slipped disc may occur.
Bad posture
Bad posture can also lead to chronic backache. An example of bad posture is to sit for long hours in an incorrect position. A correct position is to sit up straight instead of slouching in a couch when watching TV, for instance. If the bad posture is maintained and prolonged, backache may occur.

How can backache be prevented?

To prevent backache, the most important thing is to maintain the correct posture at all times. When sitting, ensure that your back is kept straight instead of a slouched position. Give your back enough support and use a cushion when necessary. The right furniture can also help to prevent the occurrence of backache. Use a firm mattress when you sleep and use chairs of a proper height in relation to the table or desk.

Exercise is another good way to prevent backache. However, if you have had back injuries before such as a slipped disc, do be cautious when you exercise. Consult a doctor before you start on any strenuous exercise programme.

What to do when backache occurs

To reduce backache when it occurs, sit down and remember to maintain good posture. Ice packs or heat packs can provide relief for backaches, depending on the condition of the backache. Ice packs will help to reduce the swelling and inflammation. Heat will help circulation and reduce stiffness.
Place a towel wrapped with ice on the position of pain as frequently as you can for at least 30 minutes each time in the immediate days after injury. After a few days, change your procedure to a mix of ice and heat - 30 minutes of ice followed by 30 minutes of heat.

Do consult a doctor if it persists.

Pictures from http://www.fitness-programs-for-life.com/backpain.html
Information from http://www.hpb.gov.sg

Allergies

2008-10-30T21:04:00.011+08:00

Allergies are the body's inappropriate response to a substance foreign to our body. Allergic reactions are caused by environmental substances known as allergens, they are rapid and acquired reactions. Upon contact with an allergen, a number of allergic symptoms may be experienced. These include itchy, watery nose and eyes, asthma, wheezing and coughing.

The most common allergens are airborne particles such as pollen and dust mites. However, there can be a wide range of substances that can trigger an allergic response.

Dust

Found everywhere, especially in carpeting, mattresses, pillows, bed covers and upholstered furniture. It irritates the nose and may cause sneezing and wheezing.

Pollen

Allergic rhinitis is the allergic response to pollen. It irritates the sensitive epithelium of the nose causing inflammation and swelling, and itching and redness of the eye.

Other Common Symptoms of Allergy:
Affected Organ - Symptoms
Nose - Allergic rhinitis (running nose)
Sinuses - Allergic sinusitis
Eyes - Allergic conjunctivities
Skin - Rashes

Treatment:
The plan of treatment depends on the severity and type of symptom.

Antihistamines can relieve symptoms such as sneezing and running nose.

Broncodilators are used to relieve coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing. They work by opening up the bronchial tubes so that more air can flow through.

Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce symptoms. They work to reduce the immune response.

The best long-term treatment plan is to avoid the allergens.

http://www.hpb.gov.sg/

Healthcare A-Z

Backaches

Allergies